Then proceed forward in the direction of the front cover’s luminous dots, which are aligned with the fixed black index line containing the azimuth. (4) With the compass preset as described above, assume a center hold technique and rotate your body until the north-seeking arrow is aligned with the luminous line on the bezel. If the desired azimuth is larger than 180°, subtract the number of degrees from 360° and divide by 3 to obtain the number of clicks. Desired azimuth is 51° 3 = 17 clicks counterclockwise. If the desired azimuth is smaller than 180°, the number of clicks on the bezel ring should be counted in a counterclockwise direction. The result is the number of clicks that you have to rotate the bezel ring. (2)ğind the desired azimuth and divide it by three. (1) Rotate the bezel ring until the luminous line is over the fixed black index line. The Declination Diagram shows the relationship between the local magnetic azimuth and the grid azimuth. different locations will have different GM angles.ī. The magnetic azimuth changes depending on where you are in relation to the North Pole i.e. The GM angle is the difference in a grid azimuth and the magnetic azimuth for a certain area. The GM angle will allow you to take an azimuth from a map and convert it to a bearing which can be used with a compass.Ī. A magnetic azimuth can be read directly from a compass but not from a map. Magnetic Azimuth – A horizontal angle measured clock-wise from magnetic north. A grid azimuth can be measured directly from a map showing grid north lines.ī. Grid Azimuth – A horizontal angle measured clockwise from a grid north line. 3.ĚZIMUTHĪ horizontal angle measured clockwise from a base line.Ī. The declination diagram shows the angular relationship between the three north(s).

Magnetic north and grid north lines are used to determine the GM angle.Į. When the mapmaker interprets the rounded earth surface on a flat map sheet, it is necessary to create this artificial base direction.ĭ. They are indicated by the vertical, parallel lines on the map. Grid north lines are a device of mapmakers and enable us to plot direction on the map.

The magnetic north pole is located just north of the Hudson Bay in Canada.Ĭ. Magnetic north is the direction the compass points There are no magnetic lines shown on the map.

It is usually used in celestial navigation.ī. Lines of longitude on a globe indicate this baseline direction. There are three universal base directions in common usage: True North, Magnetic North, and Grid North.Ī. Two essential elements arc necessary to determine direction.Ī.Ěn understood and universal base direction or reference line.ī.Ěn angle measured with respect to that line. (030f) 1.ĝIRECTIONĭirection is defined as the position of one point in relation to another. Given a topographic map and without references, define the term azimuth without error. Given a topographic map in a training area, orient the map as noted in FM 21-26, Chap 11. Given a topographic map with marginal information, use the declination diagram to convert a grid azimuth to a magnetic azimuth per FM 21-26, Chap 6. Given a topographic map and two pre-determined objectives, plot the location of each point to within 100 meters on a 1:25,000 scale map. Given a military topographic map, protractor, and objective, without references, navigate with a map and compass to arrive within 100 meters of the objective. The following information was obtained from the 2012 Officer Candidates School Student Outline.

Military protractor diagram